YOUR CANCER, YOUR LIFE – SCREENING FOR CERVICAL CANCER (INTRODUCTION)

There is one type of cancer where screening almost certainly does make a difference to the outcome and that is cancer of the cervix (neck of the womb). Why is this so when it isn’t for our previous example of lung cancer? One reason is that most of the cervix can be easily seen with a speculum (internal examination). Cells can be gently scraped from the outer part of the cervix and from the part that we can’t see on internal examination—the small inner canal leading to the womb. This is the Pap smear which, when correctly taken, contains samples from all parts of the cervix to be examined under the microscope. What we cough up does not contain cells from every part of our lungs. The cells in the lung samples are only those that have fallen off by themselves, with the Pap smear they are gently scraped off. Next, the cells of the cervix go through a recognisable pre-cancer stage. This means that cells which are very likely to develop into cancer if left untreated can be identified under the microscope in the Pap smear. It takes quite a few years for pre-cancer to develop into actual easier Which can spread.

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